Deep Vein Thrombosis

Overview

Deep vein thrombosis is a condition where a blood clot forms in a deep vein, most commonly in your leg. If you have it, it is important to take it seriously, as the clot can affect blood flow and may lead to complications if not treated.

The main concern is that part of the clot can break off and travel to your lungs, causing a blockage. This is known as a pulmonary embolism and requires urgent medical care.

You may notice symptoms, or the condition may develop quietly. With early diagnosis and treatment, deep vein thrombosis can be managed effectively, reducing the risk of complications.

Symptoms

Symptoms can vary and may affect one leg more than the other. You may experience:

• Swelling in one leg, often starting in the calf
• Pain or tenderness in the leg, especially when standing or walking
• Warmth in the affected area
• Red or discoloured skin
• A feeling of heaviness in the leg

Some cases may have mild or no noticeable symptoms.

Causes & Risk Factors

Deep vein thrombosis is usually caused by changes in blood flow, clotting, or damage to the blood vessel. You may be at higher risk if you:

• Sit or lie still for long periods, such as during travel or illness
• Have had recent surgery or injury
• Are pregnant or have recently given birth
• Use certain medications such as hormonal therapy
• Have a history of blood clots
• Have cancer or certain medical conditions
• Smoke

These factors can increase the likelihood of clot formation.

When to Seek Care

You should seek medical advice if you:

• Notice swelling in one leg without a clear cause
• Experience persistent leg pain or tenderness
• Observe changes in skin colour or temperature in your leg
• Have known risk factors for blood clots

Emergency Symptoms

Prevention

You can reduce your risk of deep vein thrombosis by supporting healthy blood flow:

• Stay active and avoid long periods of immobility
• Move your legs regularly during travel
• Maintain a healthy weight
• Avoid smoking
• Follow medical advice after surgery or illness
• Stay well hydrated

Diagnostics Used

If deep vein thrombosis is suspected, your care team will assess blood flow in your veins. You may have:

• Venous Doppler For DVT Per Limb
• CT venogram lower limb
• D-Dimer
• CBC
• Prothrombin Time (PT) and INR
• APTT or PTT
• Kidney Function Tests-RFTs
• Serum Electrolytes
• Liver Function Test -LFTs
• Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring (ABPM)

Support Services

Managing deep vein thrombosis focuses on preventing clot growth and reducing complications. You can benefit from:

• Medication to prevent further clotting
• Monitoring and follow-up care
• Guidance on activity and movement
• Support in managing underlying risk factors

This approach helps protect your health and prevent recurrence.

FAQs